“Because I Could Not Stop for Death”: An Analysis of Emily Dickinson’s Style

Emily Dickinson was an exceedingly eccentric poet of the Romanticism movement, whose fascination with death and the afterlife is embodied in her poem â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death. † The piece opens from the viewpoint of a female speaker, who is called upon by the personified character of Death to take the journey to the afterlife. It is evident that the poet’s troubled life and disillusionment with society spurred many deep and insightful works about her perspective on her own existence. Dickinson effectively uses the tools of personification and imagery to portray a soul’s odyssey through death. Using subtle symbolism and by personifying Death as a suitor in her poem â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death,† Dickinson paints an image of her concept of the final departure based on her own personal experiences. Emily Dickinson was born to a middle-class family on December 10, 1830 in Amherst, Massachusetts. Her father was a Yale-graduate, chief financial officer, lawyer, congressman, and an intellectual; he was not very involved in Dickinson’s life, albeit serving as her inspiration (Spiller 810). On the other hand, she did not get along with her mother: â€Å"Emily Norcross was not an intellectual by nature- she barely understood much of her daughter’s poetry†¦ the mother was lonely and nonliterary,† (Forman n. p. ). Forman also states that Dickinson was frustrated that her educational horizons were limited as a woman, although she attended the esteemed Mount Holyoke Female Seminary (Emily n. p. ). Furthermore, her education was terminated due to her lifelong health complications resulting from polio. Her family consistently failed to support her, and she felt fettered by the life she was living. Around the age of 28, Dickinson suffered from an emotional crisis which caused her to write prolifically; she drew into herself and her profound mind, preferring to express herself mainly through letters and poems (Blake n. p. ). Throughout the course of her life, Dickinson exhibited many strange tendencies. She always dressed in white and remained a recluse. She refused to leave her home for any reason (Forman n. p. ). This was the direct result of her experiencing the death of two childhood friends, as well her chronic health issues; Dickinson often felt disconnected to the world around her. She was inspired by a world manifesting itself as unpredictable, violent, and terrifying. She had suspected that the world was defective for some time† (Blake 218). Her perspective on her life, as well as her disillusionment from her surroundings, became reflected in her poems. â€Å"[Her] work†¦should be seen in terms of traditions of withdrawal from the world and of her resistance to them†(Wolosky n. p. ). Most notably during this phase in her life, however, Dickinson developed an occupation with the concept of death and the possibility of an afterlife. Many of her poems have come to embody her personal contemplations about mortality and death, particularly â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death,† (Explanation n. p. ). Primarily in this work, Dickinson effectively uses the character of Death to convey the message that death is not a cruel, cold process. â€Å"Death is personified, or described in terms of human characteristics†¦. Figuratively, this poem is about one woman’s ‘date’ with death. Death is a gentleman,†¦ who makes a call at a home of a naive young woman. †(Explanation n. p. ). By representing mortality as a kind, courteous suitor whom the narrator seems to have been anticipating, the notion arises that Death is nothing but an old friend who was always expected to come. It becomes an inevitability; it is not unpleasant in the least. Dickinson envisions Death as a person she knows and trusts: The carriage holds but the two of them, yet the ride, as she states with quiet emphasis, is a last ride together. Clearly there has been no deception on his part. †¦ Indeed, his graciousness in taking time to stop for her at hat point and on that day in her life when she was so busy she could not possibly have taken time to stop for him, is a mark of special politeness. She is therefore quite willing to put aside her work (Johnson 222). The narrator welcomes Death, and although he was an unexpected caller, knows that he was bound to come. Thus, she â€Å"had put away/ [Her] labor, and [her] leisure too,/ For his civility† (Dickinson 1). Dickinson also effica ciously uses symbolism in this poem to bring out various feelings and emotions in the reader, strengthening the overall mood, and therefore the meaning of the poem. By her use of specific syntax and diction, the poem is able to showcase the exact feelings evoked by death and immortality, as well as the feelings associated with the unconventional exposure to Death himself. In the poem â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death†, the narrator’s journey was described as a slow scenic drive, across the fields of grain and past the setting sun (explanation, n. p. ). The fields of grain represents society and how while alive, the fields of grain escaped the notice of the narrator, but now, while traveling with Death, she finally can appreciate the true beauty and power of nature. The setting sun reflects the end of one journey and the beginning of another, just like how the setting sun ends the day and signals the start of nighttime (explanation, n. p. ). Dickinson uses the transition of the setting sun to show the narrator’s transition from life to death. Dickinson was able to portray, through her extensive use of imagery, the ambiguity as to whether the narrator is alive or dead; the fact is not directly stated in the poem. Rather, there is a slow transition of the narrator’s state of being. The narrator starts off leaving the comfort of her house, invited for what feels like a ride in the park. However, as the poem progresses, the narrator is seen growing cold, and her clothes fade â€Å"only tippet only tulle†. The light gossamer articles of clothing and the coldness suggest that the narrator has indeed died, and faded into the afterlife. The whole concept of time is also manipulated to give the poem such a dream-like feel. During her journey with Death, time slows down to a point where it doesn’t exist; time is a human creation, and death does not follow time (Priddy, n. p. As she passes the children frolicking in the playground, she vicariously lives through her childhood again; another lifetime has passed, from the youthful days of childhood to the ripening of the grain to the setting of the sun (Johnson, n. p. ). The- sense of time being inconsistent and changing allows the journey with Death to gain a truly surreal and abstract feeling. From start to finish, Dickinson masterfully creates a striking image of the human process of death, putting to full use the tools of personification and imagery, as well as subtle symbolism in her poem â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death. Her own personal struggles with the concept of death give Dickinson the ability to capture the mystery and possibilities of the final departure with words; she was able to translate the true emotions associated with death into poetry. To Dickinson, the existence of an afterlife made death not only the end of one journey, but also the start of another; death is not an evil, but rather a necessary process. The net effect of literary devices combined with Romanticist beliefs results in a work that provides monumental insight into the world Emily Dickinson built around herself, specifically pertaining to her image of Death .

Compare and Contrast of Slavery Essay

Intro: During 18th century slavery, three regions of the country had slight to very different lifestyles as well as small to very common similarities. Slavery during the 18th century influenced how slavery went forth for the next century and a half. In this essay I will compare and contrast 18th century slavery in the Chesapeake, Low Country (South Carolina and Georgia), and the Northern colonies. 1. Chesapeake Region a. The early years of slavery in the Chesapeake region were lax. There were few black slaves at first and there were only a few slaves in the labor force. The first set of slaves in Virginia and Maryland were more indentured servants than true slavery. Before the late 1600’s there was a very thin line between black slavery and white freedom. In the early 1600’s slaves that had â€Å"Christian† names such as Pedro or Isabella were considered Christians so they were considered indentured servants and allowed to work off the price that was paid for them and then freed. They worked alongside white indentured servants. As time went on the slave, population there grew through natural reproduction. b. As some of the British planters became more successful and held more land in an effort of their own interest introduced the â€Å"Unthinking decision† (Chattel Slavery) which officially drew a line in the racial divide between Africans (Blacks) and Whites. The Chesapeake region was the first to have and enact â€Å"Slave codes† which would eventually carry across all regions partially and in its entirety. Bills of sale for slaves in regards to children of Black female slaves was instituted in the Chesapeake region saying that the children born to these women would be slaves for life because their mother was a slave. As the slave, codes kicked in slaves were deemed no more than livestock and inferior and could no longer become converts of Christianity taking away completely indentured servitude. It went on this way until slavery ended. c. Tobacco was the main source of prosperity in the Chesapeake region slaves worked in gangs in the tobacco fields because the owners thought it made them work faster. d. The slaves in this region lived in log cabins. 2. Low Country (South Carolina and Georgia) e. Slavery in the low country was somewhat different in the aspect that the slaves that arrived there were already Chattel. The slaves in the low country were mainly Black and Indian slaves and eventually all black as time progressed. The slaves in low country grew through the constant new arrivals of slaves from Africa. Slaves in the low country had a very high mortality rate due to disease, overwork, and poor treatment. Slaves in the low country retained more of their African heritage because there were so many of them and always fresh Africans coming in the ports. By the 18th Century, the low country had almost a 70 percent ratio of black slaves compared to white slave owners. Charleston was North America’s leading port of entry for Africans. f. The main crops in the low country were rice and corn compared to the Chesapeake region. g. The slaves there developed their own broken languages called Geechie and Gullah. h. Low Country showed a great deal of Creolization. This is the first sign of distinct classes between slaves. The creoles stayed in the same areas as whites because they were mixed race they had social and economic advantages over slaves that were on plantations but they were still watched all the time by whites. i. The slave houses in low country were made of tabby (a form of a concrete mortar mixture). j. In contrast to the slaves in the Chesapeake region, the slaves in low country had certain independence in their daily routines. Once they were done with their chores, their time was free to do what they chose without supervision. Although the slaves had this independence, the white people still had a â€Å"Negro Watch† to enforce curfew on the black people there. 3. Northern Colonies k. The Northern colony slaves were perhaps the least like slaves of the three regions. One of the main differences was organized religion. There was also the fact that during the 18th century there slave population in the Northern Colonies was a mere 4.5% compared to the 40% and higher in the south. Slavery was less oppressive due to the Puritan religious principles of the Northern region. l. The slaves lived in the house with their master and his family. The slaves also worked along side the master, his family, and the other slaves on the small farms. Most had two slaves per household on the rare occasion there some estates that had 50 or 60. m. Slaves in the Northern colonies were allowed to become Artisans, Shopkeepers, Messengers, Domestic Servants, and General Laborers. New England slaves had a huge advantage over slaves in the other regions they could legally own, transfer, and inherit property. They also had the least opportunity to preserve their African heritage because of their easier conditions. They also had the highest amount of mulattoes. 4. The commonality between Chesapeake, Low Country, and the Northern Colonies is the fact that no matter what slaves were still deemed less than whites. They still had to abide by the â€Å"Slave Codes†. Miscegenation was banned and strictly enforced everywhere. Conclusion: In comparing and contrasting the three regions there are more differences than commonalities when it comes to their areas. The commonalities are very strong in the fact that no matter how well or badly they were treated they were always deemed inferior to whites even the â€Å"mixed†, â€Å"Creoles†, or â€Å"Mulattoes†. In essence, slaves everywhere were under the same â€Å"Slave Codes† with the difference between the regions being how strictly they enforced.

Scavenging for Food as Early Hominid Activity

The article â€Å"Scavenger Hunt† by Pat Shipman takes a look at the activities of Early Hominids in terms of food hunting and gathering, specifically in the African plains of Kenya. To her surprise, early hominids portrayed a somewhat unusually trait rather than the established fact about early hominids as well-established hunters. It seemed that the foundations of early humans of the Neolithic age, that were built around hunting and gathering may collapse and be replaced with something that we cannot be proud of. However, it is a possibility since some still exhibit such trait in the modern world. Scavenging is a well-known activity of many mammalian carnivores in Africa. However, some are still pure or nearly pure in terms of hunting and scavenging. Nonetheless, a lot of the well-known carnivores such as pack hunters or the big predators practice a hybrid of strategies in order to fill their stomachs. Much to her surprise, Pat Shipman discovered that early hominids (Homo Habilis, Australopithecus africanus, A. Robustus) practice scavenging more often than hunting. There were many evidences to this claim that early men who utilized stone tools were scavengers rather than established hunters. In the same sense, bipedalism also suggested that early hominids practiced scavenging, as their bodies were suited for such activities. Bone marks also suggested such an activity by Early Hominids. It may have been much later when hominids became established hunters—much in the time of Homo Erectus and the invention of fire. However, being a scavenger was not all bad as it had advantages that involved energy efficiency; as many mammalian predators would agree to. They would scavenge what they can and hunt when they must (Shipman 115). It is somewhat an interesting fact to discover an unusual early hominid activity, as it quickly reassembled my knowledge that all early bipedal hominids were established hunters rather than scavengers (I would not argue that they were not gatherers). It does not really come as a shock but much more like an interesting surprise. Well, it was supported astoundingly by Pat Shipman and her colleagues. There is nothing wrong with scavenging as it was a risky but brilliant strategy done by most predatory mammalians, which apparently includes early hominids with Neolithic tools. I would not say that I was quite disappointed in discovering such a characteristic belonging to early hominids—the supposed achieved hunters of the African plain, or of any other plain. Scavenging is actually an effective strategy as it ensured the survival of many early hominids without the expense of immense energy from hunting and killing the prey. Carcasses provided them with skin or hide for their clothing, and meat (of course). The scavenging trait of early hominids are still much present to a lot of modern humans today—especially those who are unable to provide themselves with proper food. That discovered fact from the article helped me clear some things up about modern humans possessing characteristics similar to a scavenger—like a vulture perhaps, minus the flying. It made me realize that the source of such trait may have occurred as an instinctive practice by early humans—to grab what they can from their surroundings—which was not bad at all since it enabled people to survive this long. Possessing the hunting-scavenging trait, humans have become a well-known survivor that can adapt to any condition. Pat Shipman took a different angle in analyzing early hominid activity, in terms of food gathering and their diet. The results were not all bad as scavenging provided a lot of things for early hominids, and ensured their survival for quite a long time. This trait may have been carried over to this date. â€Å"We scavenge what we can and hunt if we must,† should very much explain early hominid activity.

A Study on the Jovian Planets

A Study on the Jovian Planets Far beyond Earth in the solar nebula lies an ice belt and beyond that lay the four Jovian planets. They are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Jovian means Jupiter- like in which the rest of do coincide with the name. Uranus Neptune and Saturn, all carry the same traits as Jupiter. are large gas giants that contain mainly a thick atmosphere of Hydrogen and helium. These planets do not have solid surfaces, rather they just get denser with depth. They contain high mass and are usually anywhere from 15 to 318 times the mass of earth. They also contain many satellites and the gravity is much stronger than that of earth. inner structure probably consists of a rocky core of metals, water, ammonia and methane. Usually these cores are about the same size as earth possibly a little larger. It is also possible that Uranus and Neptunes core is a liquid instead of a solid. also have about the same rotational characteristics and all have rings around them. Jupiter, the first of , reigns supreme throughout the solar system. Named after the Roman god Jove, the ruler of Olympus; Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and is also the largest planet in the Earths solar system. It is 318 times more massive than Earth and is two thirds of the planetary mass in the solar system. Jupiters surface, unlike earth, is gaseous and not a solid. It is about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium with traces of methane, ammonia, water and rock. Jupiters interior is very similar to the Suns interior but with a far lower temperature. However, it is still unknown but Jupiter is believed to have a core of liquid metallic hydrogen. This exotic element can only be achieved at pressure greater than 4 million bars. Jupiter radiates more energy in space than it receives from the sun. The interior of Jupiter is hot and has been estimated to be 20000 degrees Kelvin. The heat is generated by the Kelvin- Hemholtz mechanism, or the gravitational compression of a planet. It g ives off about 1.5 to 2 times more energy than the sun. It is speculated that the source of this heat is due to the rapid rotation of the planet and its liquid metallic hydrogen core. Liquid Metallic hydrogen consists mainly of ionized protons and electrons and is the electrical conductor and the source of Jupiters magnetic field. This magnetic field spins in less than 10 hours and is stirred by convection currents. The results are the strongest magnetic field in the solar system. ( Seeds, 516). This magnetic field is so large that it extends beyond Saturn and is electrified enough to send charges into the earths magnetic field. In the 1970s, Pioneer and Voyager flew past Jupiter and discovered the large magnetic field or magnetosphere. The magnetosphere is not a true sense a perfect sphere. It is highly flattened due to the rapid rotation of Jupiter. This magnetic field causes phenomenon such as strong lightening and even an aurora similar to earths aurora borealis . Jupiter, unlike earth, has three distinct weather producing zones or a troposphere. They are believed to contain Ammonia ice, ammonium hydrosulfide, and water and ice. In the apparent or uppermost atmosphere, ammonia ice crystals thrive in a temperature of about 150 degrees Kelvin. Most astronomers theorize that the next level of the atmosphere is primarily made up of Ammonium hydrosulfide crystals in a temperature of 200 degrees Kelvin. It is also theorized that the third and final level before the liquid metallic hydrogen is a layer of liquid ammonia and water droplets. Jupiters atmosphere is also plagued by high velocity winds that move in wide bands. These winds blow in opposite directions along the latitude of the planet. Because of chemical reactions and differences, they can be seen wrapping around Jupiter in colorful bands. The light colored bands are called zones and the dark colored bands are called belts. It is not known whether the belts and zones are permanent, they have not changed in eighty years of observance. One theory is that the jet stream at the belt-zone boundaries are linked to circulation patterns deep in the liquid interior (Seeds, 520) One of the most prominent features in Jupiters atmosphere is the Great Red Spot or GRS. The GRS is an oval about 12000 by 25000 km. At first sight the GRS is similar to a hurricane on earth but with infrared observations and by observing the direction of rotation, scientists have concluded that the GRS is a high pressure region whose cloud tops are higher and colder than surrounding regions. Similar animosities exist on the other Jovian planets but it is not known how long they will last. Like all Jovian planets, Jupiter has its own ring system. Jupiters rings are less than 30 kilometers thick and with a distance of 1.81 planetary radii. The rings are at least 100 times harder to see than Saturns rings. Most of the particles found in Jupiters rings are small and have a diameter about the same size as a light wave length. This causes the light to bounce off of the particles and scatter making the rings look bright. The particles found in Jupiters rings are believed to be the remains of a moon that moved in too close to the Roche limit and was torn apart. Like a great king with many followers, Jupiter also has an extremely large amount of satellites orbiting around it. Jupiters satellites can be divided into two groups. The smaller moons are merely captured asteroids but the larger moons are like a small planet. Callisto is one of the larger moons orbiting around Jupiter. It is slightly larger than the earths moon and has rocky core topped by a mantel of ice. Photographs of Callisto has shown that it is a dead world that is mostly dark and full of pot marks from meteors. Ganymede, the next moon of Jupiter is also an icy world. It is about fifty percent larger than the earths moon. Ganymede is full of craters but it also has a grooved surface which suggests that the water mantle must have been warm enough to leak and it was probably caused by tidal heating. Europa unlike Callisto and Ganymede is a rocky moon with a small icy crust. However, this moon is also an active moon. Voyager photos showed a icy surface that had almost no craters at all and cracks that seemed to be allowing water to seep through, so it is theorized that Europa is a moon that is still growing and changing. Io is the moon closest to Jupiter. Io is surrounded by a cloud of sulfur, oxygen and sodium. It was also discovered that Io has eight active volcanoes on it and it continues to grow and expand as the volcanoes spew gas and debree. It also gets all of its energy from the Io flux tube. The tube is thought to deliver ionized gas to the surface to give the volcanoes their energy. Jupiter also has many other small moons called the Galilean moons. These moons are thought to be small asteroids that were captured. It is also believed that the moons were originally part of the planet itself when it first formed. However, Jupiter in all its glory and moons cannot live up to the beauty of the sixth planet away from the sun. Saturn one of the most beautiful planets was discovered by Galileo with a telescope in 1609. Saturn is a very unique planet in that it is lighter than water, with a density of .7 gram per cubic centimeter. ( Considine) Saturn is only slightly smaller than Jupiter and has many of the same attributes that Jupiter has. Saturn is thought to have a liquid metallic region and a small silicate core. It has also been shown that with infrared observations that Saturn radiates 2.5 to 3 times more energy than it gets from the Sun (Seeds, 529) Like Jupiter, Saturn has belts and zones but they lie much deeper in the Atmosphere and contrast less. The atmosphere of Saturn is slightly different from Jupiters atmosphere. Saturn is much colder and the temperature seems to change as if there were seasons. The winds also blow much harder than on Jupiter . They can exceed 500 meters per second and they blow primarily in an eastward direction. Saturn also contains less helium in its composition than Jupit er. Saturn also has a large magnetoscope allowing the rings to exist but it is largely influenced by the solar winds. Although all the Jovian planets have rings, Saturn is by far the best known. When Galileo discovered the rings in 1609, he thought that he saw three objects. A central form with two forms on either side. It was not until 1659, that Christiaan Huygens discovered the actual disc around the planet. Then in 1675, Giovanni Cassani discovered the gaps between the rings. The gaps are now called Cassanis division. Saturns rings are named by the letters of the alphabet in the order they were discovered not in the order they actually appear. The outermost edge of ring A is about 21 times the radius of earth (Seeds, 532) The rings of Saturn are made up of millions of small particles mostly frozen water. Each ring rotates slower on the inside than on the outside. It is believed that the rings have a thickness of two kilometers. As voyager passed by Saturn, it was discovered that there were many gaps between the rings and that there was as many as 100 rings around Saturn. It was also discovered that Saturns rings had spokes that radiated out radially from the ring. Scientists believe that the Magnetic sphere around Saturn caused microscopic particles to be pulled out radially from the rings and they scattered the light much like the rings around Jupiter. Voyager also sent back pictures of shepherd satellites or two moons that orbit around each other. The gravitational force of these moons are thought to be one of the leading causes of the many rings within a ring. While the rings are beautiful it is still a mystery whether the moon is primordial or part of an icy moon that got too close to Saturns Roche limit. Saturn also has it own satellites beside its rings. Saturn has seventeen different moons. Most are dead icy worlds, but there is one large enough that it may contain oceans. Saturns biggest satellite is Titan, with a diameter of 5150 kilometers it is 6 percent larger than Mercury. It is the second largest satellite in the solar system. It is been proposed that Titan is made up of equal parts of rock and ice. It has a very opaque atmosphere. It is a very thick photochemical haze that is about 50 kilometers thick. The atmospheric pressure is about 60 percent greater than earths and it is mad up primarily of nitrogen. Most scientists agree that some form of liquid methane lies on the surface. Some even believe that the surface contains rivers, lakes and even oceans full of methane. It is also speculated that the slime made by the methane might have been the same slime that started life here on Earth many centuries ago. Unfortunately, not much more can be learned about Titan until we can go beyond its thick, hazy atmosphere. In addition to Titan there are eight smaller moons and many more minor satellites. Most of these moons are geologically dead. Few show some signs of cracks and fissures. It is also interesting top point out that the moons are not all spherical in shape, there are a few that are highly irregular. Overall, these moons wobble and move about in a crazy orbiting pattern , unfortunately we have not learned enough to give much information about them. The next planet in the wonderful series of the Jovian Planets is Uranus. Uranus was discovered by Herschel on March 13, 1781 while he was looking for stellar parallax. Uranus is named after the eldest of the Greek Gods. Uranus like Jupiter has no surface. It is mainly comprised of hydrogen and helium. It has no visible cloud patterns but its weather is shown to be similar to Jupiters and Saturns weather. It is thought to have three levels of atmosphere, with water clouds on the first level, followed by Ammonia clouds and then Methane clouds. Uranus also has the same characteristic of the belt- zone pattern that Saturn and Jupiter has. This has laid claim that the temperature of Uranus is directly related to seasons and the belt- zones wind pattern. The interior of Uranus does not include the same liquid metallic hydrogen that makes up Jupiter and Saturn. It is believed that the core is made up of highly pressured water, ammonia and methane which becomes a strong enough conductor to create a magnetic field around the planet . The magnetosphere is also odd in that it does not center around Uranus, instead it slants to about 60 degrees relative to its axis. This magnetosphere is also known for causing the phenomenon known as electroglow or ultraviolet photons released into the solar winds. Unlike Jupiter and Saturn , Uranus barely releases more energy than it gets from the sun and is thought that it has lost most of its internal heat. Like Saturn, Uranus also has rings that were discovered not very long ago. In 1977, James Elliot and a team discovered the rings accidentally. There are eleven known rings that range in size and shape. Unlike Saturn rings, Uranuss Rings are dark in color and relatively thin. The brightest of these rings is known as the epsilon ring. It is filled with debree of fairly large particles and dust. Uranus is also surrounded by about 15 satellites. The names of Uranuss moons take from the writings of the bard William Shakespeare and Pope. Uranian moons are believed to be made up of dirty ice. Oberon the outermost moon, is named after the fairy king in Midsummer Nights Dream, and is pot marked with craters and is fairly dark. It has a large fissure or fault were it was believed that water poured across and flooded the craters. Titania, respectively named for the fairy queen in the aforementioned play, is the largest of the uranian moons. Titania is littered with craters, faults and fissures. It has shown signs of being active but not recently. Uranus has other moons also but the most unique is Miranda. Mirandas history is a violent one that tells us that she might have been broken apart. The surface of Miranda is also filled with ovoids or oval patterns that unknown in origin. The last and final Jovian Planet is Neptune. Neptune was named for the sea god and is the eighth planet from the sun. Neptune was discovered in 1843 by two people Adams and Galle. Very little is known about Neptune and most the information provided is from voyager2s encounter. Neptunes interior seems to be like Uranuss in that it is comprised mainly of various ices and rocks. It is presumed that Neptune has a small rocky core with an icy mantle with a layer of liquid hydrogen. Like the typical gaseous planets, Neptune has wild winds confined to bands of latitude with large storms or vortices. Neptune unlike Uranus has an internal heat source that radiates twice as much energy as it gets from the sun. Neptune like all of the jovian planets has a magnetic field, though it is weaker than Uranuss. However like Uranuss magnetic field, the magnetic field of Neptune is off centered and tips at a fifty degree angle. Neptune also has rings like the rest of the jovian planets. There are very few of them and they are considerably thin and dark . Probably the only reason they exist is because of the shepherding moons. Neptune has about eight moons with Triton being the largest. Triton is mainly composed of ice and is still active. It has very few craters but has seen a violent past. It has been pushed and pulled by tidal forces, which caused nitro gas volcanoes on its surface. Different from the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets are basically big balls of gas. The jovian planets seemed to be formed around the same time from the solar nebula. Jupiter and Saturn are the closest in nature to each other with Neptune and Uranus taking on a few of their traits. They all carry the same characteristics in their Classification. The Jovian planets are composed mainly of helium and hydrogen. They have a liquid or small rocky core. They are usually high in mass and low in density. They have many satellites and the gravity is much stronger than Earths. They also all share the same banding and zoning winds. With these characteristics defined with each description given it is easy to see how the planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are Jovian or Jupiter like.

Assignmenteconomic theory Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignmenteconomic theory - Assignment Example On the other hand the government will maintain monopolies whereby the cost of producing certain products are too expensive example the rail way industry. When negative externalities occur the government has a role to play in resolving the problem example pollution, the government also has a role to play in maintaining a competitive market in the economy and eliminate monopolies and oligopolies in order to achieve optimal pricing of goods and services in the economy. Income discrimination occurs when there are wage differences that are as a result of differences in ethnicity, gender, age and race, the government role is to eliminate wage discrimination through the implementation of policies, the existence of competitive markets also eliminate the problem of income distribution and therefore the government will encourage competition in order to eliminate income discrimination. An example of income discrimination in the US is that studies show that whites are paid higher wage rates than other races in the US. The role of the government in this case is to encourage competition and implementation of policies that discourage discrimination. This policy measure is appropriate given that income discrimination leads to the marginalization of certain groups.

International Strategy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Strategy - Research Paper Example Literature review This is a vital section of this project but while conducting the literature review, care should be taken so that only the relevant information is discussed. This will keep the literature review section specific and to the point. While starting the literature review section, a well defined definition of international strategy will be discussed. For example, with time how the concept of international strategy got modified (Root & Visudtibhan, 1992, p.44). The research conducted by different scholars on multinational companies regarding international strategies used by them will be discussed (Frankenberger, 2006, p.2). In the literature review section, some vital international strategies used by the firms will be explored (Mcfarlin & Sweeney, 2008, p.266). Some of the common mode used by companies to enter in international market will also be discussed (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2009, p.225). The information strategy regarding related as well as unrelated diversificat ion will be discussed with help of some vital case studies (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, p.285-295). Research methodology Being a descriptive research, in this project secondary research will be conducted. Data will be collected from different authenticated sources. As for example, the company website, books from renowned authors, journals and online data base will be used. The research will be a mixed one where quantitative as well as qualitative data will be collected. The aim of this research is to collect information that explains the international strategy used by the fast food industry. As for example how the company decided to avoid beef and pork products in India as these products raised religious issues. Again,... This essay streeses that Being a descriptive research, in this project secondary research will be conducted. Data will be collected from different authenticated sources. As for example, the company website, books from renowned authors, journals and online data base will be used. The research will be a mixed one where quantitative as well as qualitative data will be collected. The aim of this research is to collect information that explains the international strategy used by the fast food industry. As for example how the company decided to avoid beef and pork products in India as these products raised religious issues. Again, considering the preference of rice products over wheat product in Japan, McDonald introduced rice burgers. These are some of the unique international strategies followed by McDonald to cater unique requirement of its highly diversified customer base. The business strategy used by McDonald will be compared against other commonly used international entry model. The advantages as well as disadvantages associated with McDonald’s international business model will be discussed. This report makes a conclusion this will be closing part of the research; hence almost whole of the project will be briefed in this section. The vital finding will also be discussed once again. Finally, considering the analysis and finding of the research, some recommendation will be suggested.

Human resource development in multinational companies Essay

Human resource development in multinational companies - Essay Example To cope up with the competition, they are required to plan and implement strategies to develop the company’s human resources. In today’s globalized environment, it has become difficult for the managers to completely eliminate the threats that globalization has brought. Multinational companies face many of such difficulties in acquiring efficient staff in other countries. Multinational companies aim to build up their brand name and reputation. They need to provide the same quality and facilities in every country they are working in. However, the human resources available in different countries bring different challenges for them. They need to develop a plan to accumulate a workforce which could perfectly carry out the job the company aims to achieve. The concept of repatriation and expatriation is also worth mentioning here as the human resource development program must consider these concepts. As an expatriate gets the assigned work done in the other country and moves b ack to the host country, he faces the adjustment problems all over again. A complete and viable HRD strategy must also take in to account these workers who are sent abroad while working permanently in some multinational organization. Objective: The aim of this paper is to identify the key challenges faced by senior managers in today’s globalized business environment in achieving competent human resources. The paper also focuses on the researches made in this regard. In addition it provides recommendations to lessen or eliminate the difficulties in human resource development and reduce the employee turnover rate in the organizations. The study is designed in such a manner that would help in achieving the objective successfully. In the first step it provides a brief introduction about multinational organizations and their place in today’s business world. In the next step it